Rock-cleaving machine.



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No. 879,063. PATENTED FEB. 11, 1908. J. PIERSON.

ROCK CLEAVING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION rum) oom. 1907.

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JOHN PIERSON, OF PIGEON COVE, MASSACHUSETTS.

ROCK-CLEAVING MACHINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 11, 1908.

Application filed October l. 1907. Serial No. 395.348.

T all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that l, JOI-IN PrERsoN, a citi- Zen of the United States, and a resident of Pigeon Oove, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and. Improved lock-Cleaving Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention more particularly relates to the formation of paving blocks from granite rock. The crystalline nature of granite permits it to be quarried from a primeval mass of rock in slabs of considerable length, and which have proper width and thickness for the production of paving blocks by cleavage of the slabs into pieces of equal dimensions.

The object of my invention is to provide a novel, simple machine, which by manual control. will rapidly and. accurately cleave a granite slab into paving blocks, by transversely scoring the slab at equal distances apart, and thus cheapen the product as well as reduce manual labor that is usually employed. for the purpose specified.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination-of parts, as is hereinafter described and. defined in the appidedclaiins.

i Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings formingI a part Iof this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the ifigures.

Figure l is a side view of the machine with parts in normal adjustment for operation; F ig. l.u is a partly sectional and broken side view of the machine, showing details in the position they assume when a granite block has been struck during the work of scoring it Fig. 2 is a plan view of the details shown in Fig. l, Fig. 3 is a transverse partly sectional view of details, substantially on the line 3-3 in. Fig. la; Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse sectional view, substantially on the line 4 4 in Fig. 1L Fig. 5 is a similar view of parts substantially on the line 5-5 in Fig. 3 g Fig. 6 is an enlargedv detached side view of an adjustable head block, that embodies features of the invention; and Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view, substantially on the line 7 7 in Fig. 2.

The complete machine is supported in an operative position, by means of a suitable frame A or other stable construction, and consists essentially of the following described parts.

A driving shaft 5, of suitable length, is supported for rotation in a horizontal plane upon the frame A or equivalent structure, and by means not shown said shaft is connected with any preferred source of power and rotary motion, the direction of rotation being indicated by the curved arrow m in Figs. 1, la.

Upon the shaft 5, is mounted a hand lever 6, by the loose engagement therewith of a hub 6a, that is formed or secured on one end of the lever, and said lever having sufficient length for eective service, is preferably furnished with a grip member 6b, bent downward at an angle from the body of the lever at its free outer end.

Upon the hub 6a two spaced ears 6C are formed that project downward therefrom, and between said ears a trip bar 7 is pivoted as shown at c in Figs. 1 and la, portions 7a and 7b thereof projecting from said pivot inV opposite directions.

A strike bar 8 is preferably formed in two pieces of like form and equal thickness, said parts being substantially L-shaped as shown in Figs l and la, thus affording like depending portions 8LL at one end thereof. The depending legs Sa of the strike bar sections are lapped and secured upon the upturned end portion 7a of the trip bar by bolts l), thus projecting the remaining portions of the strike bar forwardly from the trip bar and adapting it when rocked, to correspondingly actuate the strike bar.-

In the inner sides of the horizontal portions 8 of the strike bar, similar longitudinal channels c are formed and disposed oppositely, these channels being spaced apart as well as the strike bar sections by the portion 7 of the trip bar 7, whereon they are secured as before mentioned. As a means for spacing apart the strike bar sections at their outer ends, and. thus securing them parallel with each other, a lug c is formed on each section at said outer ends, and preferably extended upwardly. The lugs c are oppositely perforated andreceive a bolt .c2 therein, a spacing thimble c3 being placed on the bolt between the strike bar sections, it having a length that adapts said thimble for properly spacing apart the sections 8. The bolt c2 has a head on one end and a nut on the opposite end. which, by a proper adjustment, will clamp the sections upon the thimble and render them rigid, thus affording a guideway therebetween. A chisel 9, for scoring stone, is furnished with a head on the upper end that is slidably fitted between the duplicate sections 8, 8 of the strike bar. The chisel 9 which may be one of a number provided for successive use, is preferably in the form of a f rectangular bar of steel, having its lower end beveled on each side to give it wedge shape and produce a cutting edge, that is convexed as shown at in Figs. 1 and 1a. In preferred form, the sides of the chisel body are parallel with each other, and the upper end or head is furnished with two similar lugs 9a, which project from the front and rear edges thereof, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6.

A slide block formed in two equal partsQb, is furnished with opposite wings c4, that are loosely fitted in the channels c', and as clearly shown in Fig. 6 the adjacent end walls of said parts 9b are so shaped that ,they will closely embrace the frontand rear sides of the head of the chisel and lugs 9a thereon. In the two sections 9b of the slide block, at their transverse centers, alined perforations are formed longitudinally and receive a clamping bolt 9C having a nut on one threaded end, and a ring eye c7 on the opposite end that serves as a head and has another function that will be explained hereinafter.

In the lugs 9a dowel pins c5 are secured, which engage in socket perforations formed in the adjacent walls of the slide block sections 9b, and in the front and rear walls of the chisel body below the lugs 9l two similar vdowel pins c6 are secured, that enter opposite sockets in the sections 9b. It will be seen that due to the peculiar construction of the two-part slide block, the chisel Q may be detachably connected therewith in a very secure manner, and that these connected parts may be readily mounted upon the strike bar by an insertion of the slide block into the guideway and channels c, and furlthermore may at any time be quickly removed for an exchange of chisels or other purpose.

Upon the rear end of the slide block one end of a pusher rod 9d preferably by means of a loop @8 on the end of said rod, that is coupled with the ring eye c7 on the slide block, as is clearly shown in Fig. 50 2. The pusher rod 9d member 6b o'n the hand lever 6, and by its longitudinal adjustment, the chisel 9 may be moved longitudinally of the strike bar 8 to and fro, as may be necessary in operation of the machine as will be further described hereinafter.

In the shaft 5, a key way d is formed that may extend the entire length thereof. A coupling block formed in half sections 10, 10L and having a grooved circular periphery is loosely held upon the shaft 5, by the two part strap or band 11, which fits loosely in a peripheral groove in the coupling block, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 5, and said strap is 65 clamped thereon by bolts e and nuts that is loosely connected,

extends toward the are engaged with flanges e, formed on the ends of the two strap sections 11. Integral with the coupling head sections 10, 10a a half circular flange 10b projects laterally from each section, and upon the true inner surface of each half circular flange a fiat rib g is formed, as indicated on one sectional flange in Fig. 3. Upon the shaft 5, adjacent to the coupling head sections 10, 10a, a cam head 12 is mounted and held to rotate therewith by a key 7L that is fixed in the base of the cam head and fits loosely in the key way d.

As shown in Fig. 3, a peripheral groove is formed in the cam head 12, adjacent to the coupling head sections 10, 10, and the fiat rib g thereon fits loosely in said groove, thus forming a clutch. It will be seen that when the coupling head and cam head are loosely connected together as described, a lateral sliding movement of the coupling head will be transmitted to the cam head, which may thus be slid in either direction on the shaft 5. Upon the side of the main lever 6 that is nearest to the coupling head sections 10, 10a a shifting lever 6d is rockably supported, by ears j' that project from the main lever, and between which the shifting lever is pivoted as shown in Fig. 2. The forward end of the shifting lever is forked and the ends of said fork that are bent laterally enter between each pair of flanges e on the straps 11, and are pivoted upon the clamping bolts e that hold the straps clamped upon the coupling head 10,.

10a. The shifting lever 6d is bent laterally so as to normally diverge at its rear end from the main lever 6, and it will be notedthat if the shifting lever is pressed at its rear end toward the main lever 6 the coupling head sections 10, 10a and cam head 12 will be slid a distance on the shaft 5, so as to remove the cam head from the hub 6a.

Means are provided for controlling the shifting lever 61 so that it may be held at any point of its rocked adjustment; said means, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, consists of a sector 6e attached upon the same side of the lever 6, with the ears f, and having notches f in its convexed edge for engagement therein of the toe f2 on a locking dog 6f, which is pivoted upon the shifting lever 6d.

It will be apparent that by manipulation, the lever 6d maybe released and given a rocking movement, so as to move the cam head 12 on the shaft 5 as may be desired.

Upon the forwardly extended portion '7aL of the trip bar 7, a tappet pin i is secured by one end, and extends across the peripheries of the coupling head and cam head, when the shifting lever 6d is in normal adjustment as shown in Fig. 2, whereby the pin 'i is disposed in a plane below and parallel with the axis of the shaft 5.

A plurality of similar cam toes m, two being indicated in the drawings, are formed or secured on the periphery of the cam head 12,

and project radially therefrom, as represented in Figs. 1 and l, said toes having proper shape and length to permit their effective cngagement with the tappet pin L when parts are in the position indicated in Fig. 1.

The rear portion 7b of the trip bar 7 eX- tends rearwardly below the main lever 6 and upon the latter, one end of a curved plate spring 6g is secured, the free end thereof pressing upon an adjusting screw n, that is threaded in the rear end of the member 7b of the trip bar 7. The pressure of the spring 6g normally rocks the strike bar 8 into the inclined position shown in Fig. l and correspondingly raises the cutting edge j of the chisel 9. As the toes m are radially formed on the periphery of the circular cam head 12, and therefore describe arcs which are concentric with the axis of the shaft 5, and the trip bar 7 is pivoted some distance below the center of said shaft, it will be apparent that the tappet pini will as it is rocked upwardly approach rthe toes m so that when parts are relatively adjusted as shown in Fig. 1, the tappet pin will cross the path of the toes m and the latter when turned in direction of the curved arrow in Figs. 1 and 1 @L will press the pin downward, this position of the pin being normal, due to the rocked adjustment of the strike bar 8 into the inclined position shown in Fig. 1, by pressure of the spring 6g. It will also be noted that the depression of the strike bar 8 by a turning movement of the cam head 12, in direction of the arrow will due to the eccentricity of the arc de-v scribed by the pin with regard to that described by the toes m, be arrested, as the/toe that has pressed upon the pin i will slide therefrom as represented in Fig. la, this occurring when the cutting edge 7' of the chisel f1 has reached the limit of its downward movement. Furthermore, as the removal of the pin i from the path of the toe m will permit the force of the spring` 6g to elevate the strike bar to its normal position, this will obviously return the pin i into the path of the toes m for a contact therewith of the next toe in sequence; hence a'rotation of the shaft 5 in direction of the curved arrow will cause the chisel 9 to reciprocate rapidly and strike a succession of blows.

When the rocking movement of the strike bar 8 is to be arrested without stopping the rotary movement of the shaft 5, this may be instantly affected by releasing and then rocking the shifting lever 6d at its rear end vtow ard the main lever 6, which will slide the coupling head 1.0, l0a and cam head 1.2, so as to move the toes m away from the free end of the tappet pin i, which will arrest the trip bar and strike bar in an obvious manner.

The operation of the machine is quite simple and may be described as follows: Upon a suitablesupport such for example as a table A which may be an extension of the frame A, a slab of granite B that is to be divided into paving blocks is laid trans versely, and may be positioned parallel with the shaft 5, by a transverse gage strip 0, as indicated in Fig. 1. The shaft 5 being rotated, will cause the rapid `rocking movement of the strike bar 8, and reciprocation of the chisel 9, which may be graduated by manipulation of the handle 6b on the, rear end of the lever 6. The operator grasps the rear end of the pusher rod 9 and gradually slides the head block 9b along the guide-way in the strike bar 8, which will adapt the chisel by its impact on the upper side of the granite block B to score it across this side of the slab or block, the depth of the score being controlled by movement of the chisel back and forth as often as may be deemed necessary. A slab of any length may be deeply scored at proper intervals by the operation ol' the machine as just described, and the separation or cleavage of the slab into blocks may be effected by blows from a Sledge applied upon the opposite side of the slab over each score. If desired, a slab that is wide enough to require sub-division Ilengthwise may be placed upon the table, and be scored longitudinally at proper points thereon for separation into two or more slabs of proper width, such an operation being indicated in Fig. l.

lf at any time it is necessary to remove the chiselfrom the strike bar, this may be readily effected by sliding the head block out of the channel in said strike bar at the forward end thereof, and obviously it may be replaced at the same end for'renewed service.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a horizontally supported rotatable shaft, a strike bar supported rockably below the shaft and therefrom, a chisel slidable on the strike bar, and means for converting the rotary motion of the shaft into vertical rocking movement of the strike bar and chisel.

2. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a horizontally supported rotatable shaft, a spring pressed strike bar rockably supported from the shaft and having a longitudinal channel therein, and a chisel that slidably engages said channel in the strike bar.

3. A rock cleaving machine, embodying the horizontally supported rotatableshaft, the spring pressed strike bar `rockably supported in a vertical plane from the shaft and below it, the strike bar having a longitudinal channel therein, the chisel having a head block on one end that is slidable in the longitudinal slot, and means for sliding the' .block and chisel.

4. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a horizontally supported `rotatable shaft, a spring pressed strike bar rockably supported from the shaft, said bar having a longitudinal ,slot therein, a chisel wedge-shaped at its cutting end and provided with a slide block fitted in the slot so as to be slid therethrough, and a pusher rod loosely secured by one end on the slide block and extended rearward therefrom.

5. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a rotatable shaft, a lever laterally adjustable and rockably mounted upon said shaft, a strike bar controlled by said lever, and a chisel carried by the strike bar.

6. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a rotatable shaft, a rockable lever thereon, a strike bar controlled by the lever, a chisel carried by the strike bar, and spring pressed means actuated by the shaft for rocking the strike bar and chisel downward. A

7. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a rotatable shaft, a rockable and laterally slidable lever thereon, a trip bar on the lever, and a strike bar carried by the trip bar.

8. A rock @leaving machine, embodying a rotatable shaft, a lever having a hub rockable and slidable on the shaft, a trip bar pivoted between its ends on the hub and below it, and a strike bar carried by the trip bar.

9. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a rotatable shaft, a lever having a hub rockable and slidable on the shaft, a trip bar pivoted on the hub below the shaft, a spring on the lever pressing one end of the trip bar, and a strike bar mounted upon the other end of said trip bar.

10. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a shaft, a stationary support whereon the shaft may rotate, a rockable main lever on the shaft, a trip bar pivoted between its ends on the lever where it is mounted on the shaft, a strike bar extended upward and forward from one end of the trip bar, and a spring on the main lever pressing upon the other end of the trip bar.

11. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a supported rotary shaft, a main lever having a'hub mounted upon said shaft, a clutch head on the shaft at one side of the hub, a cam head slidable on the shaft but rotating therewith, the clutch head loosely interlocking with the cam head, and a shifting lever pivoted upon the main lever and coupled at one end with the clutch head.

12. A rock @leaving machine, embodying a supported rotary shaft having a keyway therein, a main lever having a hub slidable and rockable on the shaft, a clutch head on the shaft at one side of the hub, a cam head on the shaft, a key in the bore of the cam head loosely seated in the keyway, said cam head having a peripheral groove wherein a rib on the clutch head is loosely seated, and a shifting lever pivoted between its ends on the main lever and having one end loosely coupled with the clutch head.

13. A rock cleaving machine, embodying a supported rotary shaft, a main lever having a hub loosely mounted upon the shaft, a clutch head on the shaft at one side of the hub, a camhead slidable on but rotating with the shaft, radial toes on the cam head, a trip bar pivoted on the hub of the lever, a tappet pin projected laterally from the trip bar across the periphery of the cam head, and that may be pressed upon by the radial toes, and means for sliding the cam head and toes toward and from the tappet pin.

14, A rock cleaving machine, embodying a supported rotary shaft having a key way therein, a main lever having a hub slidable and rockable on the shaft, a clutch head on the shaft at one side of the hub, a cam head on the shaft, a key in the bore of the cam head loosely seated in the key way, said cam head having a peripheral Orroove wherein a rib on the clutch head is loosely seated, a shifting lever pivoted between its ends on the main lever and having one end loosely coupled with the clutch head, and means for holding the shifting lever at different points of rocked adjustment.

15. 1n a machine of the character described, the strike bar formed in two substan* tially L-shaped sections, said sections being spaced apart in parallel planes for forming a guideway therebetween.

16. 1n a machine of the character described, the strike bar formed in two substantially L-shaped sections, opposite channels in portions of the sections, and means for spacing apart said strike bar sections in parallel planes.

17. 1n a machine of the character described, the chisel having opposite lugs on one end, and a slide block adapted for clamped engagement with said lugs.

18. 1n a machine of the character described, the chisel having opposite lugs on one end, and the two-part slide block shaped to embrace the lugs and adjacent sides of the chisel, dowel pins engaging the lugs and slide block sections, other dowel pins engaging the chisel body and slide block sections, and means for clamping said sections upon the lugs and dowel pins.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN PIERSON.

Vitnesses:

AUG. EKsTRoM, Gus. LIDBERG. 

